Activation of mu-opioid receptors slows pacemaking in hypothalamic A11 dopamine neurons
Hypothalamic A11 dopamine neurons project to the spinal cord where they release dopamine to modulate nociception.
Are these neurons intrinsically active?
LC-DERIVED EXCITATORY SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION TO DORSAL RAPHE SEROTONIN NEURONS IS INHIBITED BY ACTIVATION OF ALPHA2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS
The dorsal raphe is innervated by noradrenaline neurons, which through the release of noradrenaline causes the serotonin neurons to fire action potentials
But where are the noradrenaline neurons projecting from and how is noradrenaline release regulated?
POTENTIATION OF NEURONAL ACTIVITY BY TONIC GLUD1 CURRENT IN BRAIN SLICES
In cell lines and brain slices, GluD1 and GluD2 receptors are open in the presumed absence of agonists and carry a tonic current.
But what allows them to be open?
SPATIOTEMPORAL CONTROL OF NORADRENALINE-DEPENDENT SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
Activation of 𝛼1-adrenergic receptors by afferent-derived noradrenaline produces a synaptic current at persists for tens of seconds.
Does this reflect the lifetime of extracellular noradrenaline?
IONIC CURRENT CARRIED BY DELTA GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-CHANNELS EXCITES
DORSAL RAPHE NEURONS
Activation of Gq-coupled 𝛼1-adrenergic receptors drives action potential firing in serotonin neurons.
But what channel carries the current?